Tiles form an essential and integral part of consuming sector like housing, educational and research institutions, hospitals, Industries, hotels, restaurants, cinema halls and other public places. The demands of these products also increase by the need of renovation works of the old above similar buildings.
Vitrified tiles are also made from clay, but they have additional ingredients, like silica, quartz, and feldspar. When these ingredients cook inside a kiln, they melt and form a glass substrate throughout the tile. This glass addition makes vitrified tiles very strong and smooth, with far fewer pores in their surfaces than ceramic tiles.
As these tiles are strong, water resistant and stain resistant, many builders, architects, interior designers and consumers choose to use these tiles. These tiles can withstand more than granite or marble without using their functionality or appearance. These tiles also resist scratches and discoloration.
Vitrified tile is a tile produced using vitrification. By this process the tiles created have very low porosity. making it stain-resistant and strong. It is an alternative to marble and granite flooring.
The preparation of the tiles begins with proportioning or batching of the various raw materials in the correct amounts, kaolin clays, feldspar, silica, and coloring oxides and a contraction control agent.To prevent contamination, the raw materials are kept in bins and stockyard built with concrete walls.
These raw materials are blended, particle size graded, and dried then precision dust-pressed. Kiln-firing them within a very narrow temperature range (1,135°C to 1,200°C), which varies by manufacturer, produces fully-vitrified tiles.
To achieve different degrees of slip resistance, specially designed molds are used to integrally form a variety of surface textures and patterns protruding from the faces of fully-vitrified tiles. Because these textures are dust-pressed into the tile faces before they are fired, the resulting profiled surface is dense and durable. The slip-resistant pattern covers the entire surface of each tile uniformly.
The ever increasing deficit in housing supply in Nigeria which is estimated at over sixteen million {16,000,000} units and the need for the construction of other important infrastructure if the country is to meet up with the vision 20:2020 project of becoming amongst the top 20 economies in the world by 2020 continues to drive the need to ceramic tiles, an essential construction raw material.
In Nigeria, the market for vitrified tiles can be further classified into two segments institutional (accounting for 40 per cent) and retail (rest 60 per cent). The institutional segment is characterized by low operating margins, long credit periods and a high inventory turnover.
The retail segment is characterized by high selling and distribution costs, and good margins and credit recovery.
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