Paper is one of the necessities of civilisation and it is almost impossible to imagine the continuace of a world without the printed books and newspapers. People require paper to meet the basic needs of modern life because it has many diverse uses. Modern paper is made from cellulose derived from a limited numbers of plants, the fibres being mixed with sufficient water to render possible the formation of a continuous sheet of wels of paper of uniform thickness.
Paper recycling is the process of turning waste paper into new paper products. There are three categories of paper that can be used as feedstocks for making recycled paper: mill broke, pre-consumer waste, and post-consumer waste.Mill broke is paper trimmings and other paper scrap from the manufacture of paper, and is recycled internally in a paper mill. Pre-consumer waste is material which left the paper mill but was discarded before it was ready for consumer use. Post-consumer waste is material discarded after consumer use, such as old corrugated containers (OCC), old magazines, old newspapers (ONP), office paper, old telephone directories, and residential mixed paper (RMP). Paper suitable for recycling is called “scrap paper”, often used to produce molded pulp packaging.
Jumbo reels production is one of the ways to convert the waste papers into a useable form. Jumbo reels used in production of toilet rolls, facial tissues, serviette paper etc. There has been a recorded large quantity of jumbo reels being imported from overseas countries.
Broadly speaking, the final production process for recycling paper is the same as the process used for paper made from virgin fibres but, as the recovered paper fibres have already been used, they also have to be sorted and cleaned. The collection of used paper and board is the first step in the recycling process. The sorted waste paper is mixing used paper with water and chemicals to break it down.
It is then chopped up and heated, which breaks it down further into strands of cellulose, a type of organic plant material; this resulting mixture is called pulp, or slurry. It is strained through screens, which remove any glue or plastic that may still be in the mixture then cleaned, de-inked, bleached, and mixed with water. Then it can be made into new paper.
The estimated production cost and profit analysis for one ton tissue jumbo roll is given. {The analysis is just for reference}
Cost analysis:
1. Sorted wasted paper: 1.3ton sorted wasted produce 1.0 ton tissue jumbo roll usd300/t x 1.3=usd390/ton tissue
2. Steam consumption: produce 1 ton tissue needs 1 ton coal to generate steam. Gas and electrical power can also be used as fuel. One ton coal is about usd40. if you use natural gas, the cost is about usd40.
3. Electrical power consumption: 1200 KWH/1 per ton tissue. 1 kwh is about usd0.07. The cost is about 1200 x usd 0.07=usd84.
4. Water consumption: 120 ton water will be needed to produce 1 ton tissue. 50% will be recycled. 1 ton water costs usd0.36, the cost is usd 0.36×60=usd21.6.
5. Felter consumption: 1 ton tissue consumes 0.4kg cloth. Unit price is usd15. The cost is usd15 x 0.4=usd 6.
6. Copper screen: 1 ton tissue consumes 0.014m2. unit price is usd23. The cost is usd 0.32
7. Chemical: dispenser. 1 ton tissue consumes 1.2kg dispenser. Unit price is usd7.9. The cost is usd9.48.
8. Chemical softener: 1 ton tissue consumes 2kg softener. Unit price is usd 9.1. The cost is usd18.20
9. Chemical deinking material: 1 ton tissue consumes 1kg deinking material .unit price is usd2. The cost is usd2.
10. Labor cost: usd20/ 1 ton tissue
Total cost: usd600/1 ton tissue
Profit analysis
1. Market price: usd900/ton finished jumbo tissue roll
2. Net profit: usd900-600=usd300/ton
3. Daily profit: 5 ton x usd300/ton=usd1500
4. Monthly profit: 30 x usd1500=usd45000
5. Yearly profit: 300 x usd1500=usd450000
The demand for toilet jumbo reel in Nigeria is high and would continue to expand as the standard of living of the over one hundred and six five million (165,000,000) population growing at the rate of 5.7% per annum continues to grow.
The fact that over 60% of the over one hundred and six five million (165,000,000) population of Nigeria are youths which also constitutes a greater majority of the middle class ,two (2) group of consumers that seeks for hygienic and good quality living standard further deepens the market for toilet jumbo reel in Nigeria.
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Report Title: WASTE PAPER RECYCLING IN NIGERIA (JUMBO ROLLS PRODUCTION); THE PRE-FEASIBILITY REPORT.
Report Code: FORA/054-807/2015/JUMBOROLLSPRODUCTIONINIGERIA/00-990—27
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