Soybean is an important source of high quality and inexpensive protein and oil. With an average protein content of 40% and oil content of 20%, soybean has the highest protein content of all food crops and is second only to groundnuts in terms of oil content amongst food legumes.
Nigeria presently produces about 500,000 MT of Soybean annually making it the largest producer of the product on the African continent. Soybean is a legume which is produced in most the middle belt of the country with Benue state accounting for about 45% of the total production in country.
Soya Beans is a leguminous crop whose importance and economic benefits cannot be over emphasized. Products that can be gotten from Soya Bean include Soy Cake, Soy oil, Full Fat Soya, Soy meal, soy meal, soy flour, soy milk, tofu, textured vegetable protein amongst other things.
In Nigeria, soya beans are mostly produced in the middle belt with benue state accounting for over 70% of the production in Nigeria. Some of the states producing soya beans in Nigeria include Kwara, Kogi, Oyo, Ondo, Osun, Nassarawa, Kaduna, Niger, Bauchi, Ogun, and Taraba states. Other states are Adamawa, Abia, Enugu, Anambra, Jigawa, Lagos, Plateau, Ekiti and the Federal Capital Territory.
The major emphasis of this study is the commercial production of Full Fat Soya (FFS). In the country, fishery and swine industry, FFS is the main source of protein, fat and energy in diets due to its nutritional characteristics, high level and quality of protein (36 – 42%) and its high level of fat (18- 22%). Well-cooked FFS is brownish in colour and has a pungent cooked smell.
Full fat soybean meal is produced by cooking or roasting the soybeans. It contains complete amount of oil and protein naturally present in soybeans. They valued as a good poultry feed ingredient owing to its high oil (18%) and protein (38%) content.
Full fat soybean contains high fat levels and is a good source of all the essential amino acids.
The heating in the cooking is required to destroy the anti-nutritional factor, trypsin inhibitor. If this trypsin inhibitor is not destroyed there will be reduced digestion of protein and growth can suffer.
Full fat soybean meal can be included in the diets of pigs, poultry, cattle, sheep and horses of all ages.
With the high fat levels full fat soybean can be used as a source of linoleic acid for layer hen feeds. The level of linoleic acid in the feed will contribute to the egg weight and the grading of the eggs.
The demand for FFS exceeds supply owing to its importance as a constituent of animal feeds all over the world e.g. Broilers eat broiler mash which must contain 55% FFS to take care of animal’s energy and protein needs. Nigeria with a population of over 165 million people is a large market for poultry, swine and fish products which automatically creates a market for the food being eaten by these animals.
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Report Title: FULL FAT SOYA MEAL IN NIGERIA; THE FEASIBILITY REPORT.
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